Now, while this alignment seems pretty easy, it is not. The alignment of sensor data as a process has many levels. This multi-faceted process requires the application of various algorithms. And for that, we need supreme computer vision and supreme processors found in GPUs.
When posed with a problem, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) solves it. The solution is what helps robots and other robotic units like drones and wheeled robots, etc. find its way outside or within a particular space. It comes in handy when the robot cannot make use of GPS or a built-in map or any other references.